Fig. 3: Visualisation of the emerging motion patterns.
From: Emergence of synchronised rotations in dense active matter with disorder
All of the figures are for boxes with sizes 60 x 60 and using periodic boundary conditions. The panels (a)–(d) were obtained by using the values of the default parameters specified in Table 1 by changing the number of obstacles only. Thus, the simulations were carried out for obstacle densities 0.005, 0.39, 0.45 and 0.66, respectively. As for panel (e), we used all of the same parameters as given in Table 1 except that we used particle density = 0.22 and obstacle density = 0.66, while panel (f) was obtained for ralign = 0.75, robstacle = 0.2, rparticle = 0.1, crep = 0.033, valign = 0.2 and obstacle density = 0.22. The motion patterns shown are: a Particles move as a directional flock. b A mixture state of coexisting rotational and directional groups of particles, where the spatial boundaries of the two mixture states and the velocity field are changing during the simulations. c Synchronised rotation state where all the particles are rotating in the same direction. d Particles rotating in both directions. e Random state of motion. No directionality, no rotation. f A mixture state between the rotational and directional behaviour. Here, in contrast to the labyrinth state, the velocity field is nearly constant. We also visualised these motion states in the movies included in the Supplementary information, see: Supplementary movies 2–8, showing frames at every fifth time step.
