Fig. 3: Bead-spring simulations of the dynamic bending process of a Hydra rod. | Communications Physics

Fig. 3: Bead-spring simulations of the dynamic bending process of a Hydra rod.

From: Active laminated-plate model for spontaneous bending of Hydra tissue fragments driven by supracellular actomyosin bundles

Fig. 3

Simulation snapshots of the dynamic bending process of a Hydra rod (of contour length ℓc = 2πR0) in viscous fluids on a supporting surface: a the rod shape and b the curvature profile. In b, the linear trial profiles of curvature for variational analysis are plotted (dashed lines), which are parameterized by the bent length \(\tilde{a}=a/{R}_{0}\) for the initial stage (red dashed line) and the center curvature \({\tilde{c}}_{{{{{{{{\rm{m}}}}}}}}}={c}_{{{{{{{{\rm{m}}}}}}}}}/{c}_{0}\) for the final stage (blue dashed line), respectively.

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