Fig. 2: Design and characterization of flexible transducers.
From: Active acoustic field modulation of ultrasonic transducers with flexible composites
a Comparison of electromechanical coupling coefficients (kt) in three-dimensional form for transducers based on different composite materials, including lead zirconate titanate (PZT) series ceramics, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and their composites. b Simulation of electrical and acoustic properties of transducers and vibration modes at vibration frequencies. Among them, the solid black line is the impedance spectrum, and the dotted red line is the phase spectrum. c Preparation process of the flexible piezoelectric composite material (FPCM) and transducers. d Metallographic microscope image of the transducer sputtered with the first electrode layers of gold, the SEM image of the transducer printed with the second electrode layers of Ag-PDMS. e Electrical and acoustic performance testing of transducers with two electrode layers, using the impedance analyzer. f Demonstration of transducer flexibility characteristics.
