Fig. 6: Electron—laser field dephasing.
From: Unforeseen advantage of looser focusing in vacuum laser acceleration
Dephasing for both f#1 (a, b) and f#3 (c, d), as seen by the location and spread of the electron bunches (electron density normalized to the critical density [nc = 2 × 1021cm−3] in black-white) in the laser electric field (red-blue color scale). The electrons have travelled (b) one or (d) half a Rayleigh length for f#1 and f#3, respectively.
