Fig. 2: Bond length dynamics and charge state of the OCS molecule under laser interaction.
a Theoretically calculated inter-nuclear distances as a function of time for the most probable initial geometry (Rco(t = 0) = 1.16 Å, and Rcs(t = 0) = 1.56 Å, θOCS(t = 0) = 172°, and α = 40°). The blue dashed line (red dash-dotted line) represents the evolution of RCO (RCS) in the laser-induced ionization (LII) approach. The green solid line shows the total net charge of the molecule over time. The cyan dotted line (magenta large dotted line) illustrates the evolution of RCO (RCS) in the field-free stepwise ionization (FFSI) approach. The inset shows an OCS molecule with oxygen (red circle), carbon (black circle), and sulfur (gold circle) connected by black lines, along with the bond angle (θOCS) and the E field angle (α) relative to the x-axis (gray dotted arrow). b The variation of the net charge for each atom over time: oxygen (red dashed line with circles), carbon (black dotted line with squares), and sulfur (gold dash-dotted line with triangles). The pink curve represents the driving laser pulse. t1 (t2) denotes the moment when the CO (CS) bond length starts increasing.
