Fig. 2: Spectral comparison.
From: A neural network-based synthetic diagnostic of laser-accelerated proton energy spectra
a Proton spectra measured experimentally (top), with corresponding average reconstructions from the β-VAEs (middle) and predictions from the predictor-decoder pair in the SDE (bottom). The spectra are sorted by increasing measured ΦP, indexed by N. Red dashed lines are included as visual guides to assist in identifying specific energy levels. b Examples from evenly-spaced, ΦP-sorted indices N, showing measured spectra (black), average predictions from the SDE (green), and 1,000 overlaid samples from the predicted distribution generated by the SDE (each sample shown in a shade of red with reduced opacity to visualise the distribution of overlaid data).
