Fig. 6: Relationships between the crossover parameters and shape descriptors.

a Relationships between the aspect ratio (λ) and inverse sphericity (1/Φ). b Relationships between (λ − 1) and (1/Φ − 1/Φλ=1). The solid line shows the analytical data of Eq. (2) with βλ = 13. (c, d) show the relationships between scaled μ and Φλ=1, and scaled Z and Φλ=1, respectively. e Relationships between Φc∣Z, Φc∣μ, and Φλ=1. The inset shows the relationships between the difference ΔΦc∣X ( = Φc∣μ − Φc∣Z) and Φλ=1. The dashed line in is the 45 ° line. Horizontal lines in (c–e) indicate the respective average values.