Fig. 1: Schematics of reciprocal diffractive imaging for general samples.

a The scattered field from a sample is transferred to a detector by relay lenses. The combination of the Fourier mask and an ND filter modulates the light in the Fourier plane. b Photograph of the Fourier mask and the ND filter. The low spatial frequency components in the Fourier spectrum are attenuated by the ND filter, and the light passes through the outermost ring shape. Created with BioRender.com.