Extended Data Fig. 3: Deep learning – based prostate cancer grading.
From: High-accuracy prostate cancer pathology using deep learning
a. Prostate cancer (PCA) architecture is not just a rough mix of glands with Gleason patterns (GP) 3, 4, and 5. In three dimensions, carcinoma is a tree, where single GPs do not exist, being a continuum. b. Our Gleason grading algorithm is based on the understanding of GPs being a continuum. During processing, a tumour region is being cut into patches that are then separately analyzed by convnet (trained on pure GPs, see Materials and Methods). Probabilities of different classes (GP3, GP4, GP5) are counted for every single patch and summarized for the whole tumour region and not used for nomination of every patch to a discrete GP (as in classical paradigm).
