Fig. 3: Illustration of peak SDG scores in different regions in Hong Kong, highlighting individual SDG contributions to the elevated overall SDG score.

This figure illustrates regional disparities in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) performance across six regions in Hong Kong, highlighting spatial variations in sustainability metrics and the contributions of individual SDGs to overall scores. Regions and SDG Performance: Region 1 (Hung Hom and Prince Edward): Strong scores in SDG 1 (5.8), SDG 11 (8.2), and SDG 16 (9.8), indicating efforts in poverty alleviation, sustainable cities, and promoting peaceful, inclusive societies. Region 2 (Tai Po and Hung Shui Kiu North): SDG 16 (9.7) and SDG 10 (4.6) show the region’s focus on reducing inequalities and enhancing societal justice. Region 3 (Lam Tsuen, Ping Shan, and Wang Chau): Balanced performance across SDG 4 (Education: 4.8), SDG 10 (6.2), and SDG 16 (7.2). Region 4 (Aberdeen and South Horizons): Moderate scores in SDG 10 (4.3) and SDG 16 (9.5), with room for improvement in other goals. Region 5 (Ma On Shan): Strong in SDG 11 (8.2) and SDG 16 (9), reflecting a focus on sustainable cities and inclusive societies. Region 6 (Sheung Shui): Outstanding performance in SDG 6 (Water and Sanitation), SDG 13 (Climate Action), and SDG 17 (Partnerships), each scoring 10. Spatial Analysis and Trends: The color gradient on the map (0–10 scale) highlights the SDG score intensity, with darker areas indicating higher performance. The map reveals a stark contrast in sustainability achievements across regions, with Kowloon Region displaying the highest average SDG score (1.62), followed by the New Territories (1.47), and Hong Kong Island scoring the lowest (1.38). Dominant SDGs: SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions): Consistently high across all regions, with an average score of 9.6, emphasizing societal inclusivity and justice. SDG 1 (No Poverty): Average score of 4.45 across regions, demonstrating significant focus on poverty alleviation. SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities): An average score of 4.21 highlights ongoing efforts to address disparities. This figure underscores the spatial heterogeneity in SDG attainment across Hong Kong and identifies regions requiring targeted interventions. Policymakers can leverage these insights to address regional imbalances, prioritize SDGs with lower scores, and strengthen sustainability in underperforming areas.