Fig. 2: Unified causal loop diagram combining the insights across interview and focus group datasets and the framework on co-design from17. | npj Urban Sustainability

Fig. 2: Unified causal loop diagram combining the insights across interview and focus group datasets and the framework on co-design from17.

From: Revealing the value and feedback dynamics of green space co-design through causal loop diagrams

Fig. 2

Arrows indicate causality; ‘+’ denotes an increase in the independent variable raises the dependent variable (∂Y/∂X > 0), ‘-’ denotes a decrease (∂Y/∂X < 0). Loop labels ‘R’ indicate reinforcing feedback, ‘B’ balancing feedback. Black represents variables, with forest green marking outcomes.

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