Table 2 The amount of protein sourced per food group for the four optimal ASP:PSP ratios when minimizing land use and GHG emissions at different protein intake levels and with the FAO reference baseline

From: Circular food system approaches can support current European protein intake levels while reducing land use and greenhouse gas emissions

Food group

FAO reference (g per capita per day)

LU_Cur_40:60

LU_Rec_40:60

GHG_Cur_40:60

GHG_Rec_40:60

Red meat

13

5 (−62%)

5 (−62%)

5 (−62%)

4 (−69%)

Chicken

8

10 (25%)

0 (−100%)

11 (38%)

0 (−100%)

Fish

5

4 (−20%)

2 (−60%)

3 (−40%)

1 (−80%)

Dairy

19

11 (−42%)

12 (−37%)

11 (−42%)

13 (−32%)

Eggs

4

3 (−25%)

0 (−100%)

3 (−25%)

0 (−100%)

Oil and fat

1

0 (−100%)

0 (−100%)

0 (−100%)

0 (−100%)

Legumes

4

20 (400%)

1 (−75%)

28 (600%)

0 (−100%)

Nuts and seeds

2

0 (−100%)

0 (−100%)

0 (−100%)

3 (50%)

Vegetables

3

4 (33%)

8 (167%)

9 (200%)

10 (233%)

Fruits

1

0 (−100%)

1 (0%)

1 (0%)

1 (0%)

Tubers

2

0 (−100%)

1 (−50%)

0 (−100%)

0 (−100%)

Grains

20

24 (20%)

16 (−20%)

11 (−45%)

13 (−35%)

Sugars

0

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

  1. The percentage shows the relative increase (+) or decrease (−) when comparing the optimal scenarios to the FAO reference scenario.