Fig. 3: Production of HMOs in stably transformed plants.

a, Constructs used in creation of stable lines containing biosynthetic enzymes for the production of LNFPI. b, Photos of 4-week-old transgenic N. benthamiana. c, Concentration of LNFPI produced in leaves of each stable line. d, Concentration of 2′FL produced in leaves of each stable line. For quantification, three leaves from each plant were analysed separately. Quantification of LNFPI and 2′FL obtained with a Thermo Fisher Scientific Q Exactive Mass spectrometer. LB, left border; 2A , 2A peptide; RB, right border; Px, promoter; Tx, terminator; WT, wild type. The middle bar represents the median. Upper and lower whiskers correspond to the largest and smallest values within 1.5 × the interquartile range, respectively. Upper and lower hinges represent the third and first quartiles, respectively. A sample size of three leaves was used for each experiment.