Fig. 4: Gains and losses of seafood-relevant nutrients through imports and exports.

a, The gains and losses in seafood-relevant nutrients (omega-3 fatty acids, calcium, zinc, vitamin B₁₂, vitamin D, vitamin A, iron, selenium and iodine) arising through trade versus production across seafoods and groups (for example, lean fish, oily fish and shellfish) in 2020. Trade nutrient balance is calculated as imports minus exports. The shaded red area below zero highlights a negative trade nutrient balance, indicating nutrient losses from the UK. Only species with corresponding production, import, export and nutrient data are included (this equates to 22 species of a total of 73 species in the database). b, Summed imports and exports in 2020 for each nutrient. The red shaded areas indicate summed nutrient exports > imports; the green shaded areas indicate summed nutrient imports > exports. Calculations were based on species with corresponding import, export and nutrient data (this varied between nutrients, for example, omega-3 fatty acids (n = 26), calcium (n = 26), zinc (n = 26), vitamin B₁₂ (n = 26), vitamin D (n = 18), vitamin A (n = 21), iron (n = 26), selenium (n = 26) and iodine (n = 26)).