Fig. 3: Relative abundances of isoflavonoids in various products processed from soybeans.

a, Relative abundances (z-normalized) of isoflavonoids in individual soy-based products expressed in a heatmap. Sample codes are shown in parentheses (Te, tempeh; E, extruded chunks; T, tofu; C, protein concentrates/isolates; B, beans). b, The differences between isoflavonoid abundances in different product types are shown. c, Total isoflavonoid abundances in three different soy-based products categorized as ultra-processed according to NOVA. Panels b and c created with BioRender.com.