Fig. 1: Clinical activity of neoadjuvant treatment with T-VEC in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma.
a, Illustrated study scheme and treatment schedule. Biomarker analysis was performed with mIF pre- and post-treatment, scRNA-seq and scTCR-seq and scBCR-seq post-treatment. Image was created in BioRender. b, Flowchart of the NeoBCC trial. In total, 18 patients started therapy and were included for the final analysis of the study. One patient requested premature termination of the study treatment due to a grade 2 AE. c, Patient response after six cycles of T-VEC administration was split into surgical outcome (with or without (w/o) skin flap/graft). d, Clinical response defined according to the WHO response criteria (CR, PR and SD). e, Pathological response classified in pCR and non-pCR. f, Exemplary clinical and dermoscopic images of two BCCs, pre- and post-treatment. One patient had a pCR with tumor regression and fibrosis post-treatment (top right) and one patient with a locally advanced BCC had a non-pCR with a tumor area reduction after T-VEC treatment (bottom right). g, Waterfall plots presenting the overall tumor area reduction (%) from baseline before first T-VEC injection until the time point of surgery in patients positive and negative for the primary end point (PE), including information about the pathological response (pCR, dark green; non-pCR, light green) on an individual patient level. Patient 20 had no change after two cycles of T-VEC and dropped out of the study due to an AE. The dashed line represents the 50% tumor area reduction threshold. h, A spider plot exemplifying the tumor area reduction (%) of each patient according to treatment time points.
