Extended Data Fig. 5: Comparison of multiplex immunofluorescence and single-cell RNA-seq data.

a, Post-treatment immune cell compartments such as CD68+ myeloid cells, CD20 + B cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4+Foxp3+ T cells and CD4 + T cells, separately presented from patients with paired tumor tissue samples (n = 16) according to pathological response (pCR (n = 6) versus non-pCR (n = 10)) by box plots (cells/mm2). b, Box plots indicating the abundance of cells in ten immune cell clusters split by patients with a pCR (n = 4) and non-pCR (n = 8), p-values are included in individual plots (two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test; statistical significance determined with p < 0.05). c, Post-treatment immune cell compartments consisting of CD68+ myeloid cells, CD20 + B cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4+Foxp3+ T cells and CD4 + T cells, from patients with paired tumor tissue samples (n = 16), separately presented according to clinical response (CR (n = 6) and PR (n = 4) versus SD (n = 6)) by box plots (cells/mm2). d, Box plots indicating the abundance of cells in ten immune cell clusters split by patients with a CR (n = 4), PR (n = 4) and SD (n = 4). Data are presented as mean values +/- SEM, p-values are included in individual plots (two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test; statistical significance determined with p < 0.05). The box plots display the distribution of cell counts for each immune cell population based on response categories. Each box extends from the 25th (Q1, lower bound of box) to the 75th (Q3, upper bound of box) percentile, the horizontal line in the center of the box represents the median value (Q2). The whiskers extend to the 5th (min, lower bound) and the 95th percentile (max, upper bound). Dots outside the whiskers indicate outliers.