Fig. 3: Structure determination of selected particles and determination of average oxidation state of Ni. | Communications Materials

Fig. 3: Structure determination of selected particles and determination of average oxidation state of Ni.

From: High cycle life all-solid-state fluoride ion battery with La2NiO4+d high voltage cathode

Fig. 3

HAADF-STEM images of the cathode composite material after charge up to 120 mAh/g (at T = 170 °C and Ich = +24 μA/cm2) showing the a un-fluorinated phase (La2NiO4+d) and b the fluorinated phase (La2NiO4+dFy), which have been used for the Fast-ADT experiments. c The absorption edge energies of La2NiO4+d (0.030 ≤ d ≤ 0.17) as compared to the La2NiO4+dFy (after electrochemical fluorination up to 120 mAh/g with a current density of +24 μA/cm2 at 170 °C) in agreement with the results of electron diffraction analysis, EDX, and DFT calculations; d changes in the Ni oxidation state with respect to the absorption edge energies.

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