Fig. 5: Ambient air filtration through membrane and filter material. | Communications Materials

Fig. 5: Ambient air filtration through membrane and filter material.

From: Aerosol capture and coronavirus spike protein deactivation by enzyme functionalized antiviral membranes

Fig. 5

a Schematic of ambient air-filtration testing of membrane and mask material. Ambient air flux through PMAA-PVDF membrane (normal and reverse orientation), N95 commercial mask (forward orientation), and N95 separating layer (layer 3) under a consistent pressure with b continuous flow mode and c sinusoidal flow mode of 30 s with flow on and 30 s with flow off (blue diamond and line for N95-separating layer, gray triangle and line for N95-all layers, orange circle and line for PMAA-PVDF-Normal, and yellow square and line for PMAA-PVDF-Reverse). d SEM of membrane fouling of PMAA-PVDF membrane after ~500 L of ambient air-filtration. Beginning air flux was set at 7.50 ± 0.50 L/min (average breathing rate). Flow rate measurements normalized at STP. 3 different measurements were taken on the samples (standard deviation resulted in less than 0.5%).

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