Fig. 8: Optical modulation of neuronal cell activity on the Ti3C2Tx/PCL scaffold.

a Fluorescence image of typical SH-SY5Y cells loaded with calcium ions (Ca2+) indicator at different time points without 640 nm laser stimulation, followed by a corresponding graph showing the relative change in fluorescence intensity of the region of interest (ROI; red dashed square). b Fluorescence image of a typical SH-SY5Y cell at different time points with 640 nm laser stimulation, followed by a corresponding graph showing the relative change in fluorescence intensity of the ROI (red dashed square). Stimulation was initiated simultaneously with the imaging process.