Table 2 Surface work function \(\phi\) measured by Kelvin probe, ionization energy Ei determined by PYS, electron affinity EA, and the VBM position in relation to the Fermi level

From: Face-centered cubic carbon as a fourth basic carbon allotrope with properties of intrinsic semiconductors and ultra-wide bandgap

sample

\(\phi\) (±0.04 eV)

Ei (±0.03 eV)

EA (±0.04 eV)a)

EF−EVBM (±0.04 eV) b)

diamond

4.74

4.79

-0.68

-0.05

carbon film

4.60

5.14

-0.96

-0.54

  1. a) EA=Ei−Eg with Eg-diamond = 5.47 eV and Eg-carbon film = 6.1 eV.
  2. b) EF−EVBM = \(\phi\)−Ei.
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