Fig. 6: Fast nucleation by seed engineering.
From: Manipulating the crystallization kinetics of halide perovskites for large-area solar modules
a The KPb2Br5 seeds were introduced into the precursor solution to increase the nucleation rate and the number of nuclei, improving the uniformity and crystal quality of large-area perovskite films. Reprinted with permission from ref. 23, copyright 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH. b A seed layer of (CH3)3SI is pre-coated on the NiOx substrate to accelerate nucleation and increase the number of nuclei, thereby improving the uniformity and crystal quality of large-area perovskite films. Reprinted with permission from ref. 107, copyright 2024 Elsevier.
