Fig. 5: Uniform states diagram in the presence of surface tension.
From: Topological states in ferroelectric nanorods tuned by the surface tension
Solid blue lines correspond to the transition lines between the uniform aa-phase and c-phase in PbTiO3 for different values of surface tension γ. The transition from the paraelectric phase to aa-phase, shown by the red dashed line, corresponds to γ = 1 m−1 N and is only slightly affected by surface tension.
