Fig. 8: HERFD XANES exploring structure-activity relationship with high-resolution.
a Schematic of fluorescence detection by Bragg crystal analyzer73 (a reproduced with permission from ref. 73. Copyright 2023, Spring Nature). b Operando HERFD-XANES characterization for the magnification of the ligand feature near 8977.2 eV, showing its fast decrease and eventual disappearance. c Comparison of conventional and HERFD XANES of 5 nm Cu NPs at OCP31. (b, c reproduced with permission from ref. 31. Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society). d Operando HERFD XANES of Cu K-edge of the I–AgCu as a function of the reaction time at −1.0 V vs RHE in CO2-saturated 0.1 M KHCO3. The inset shows the quantitative analysis of the relative metallic Cu fraction. e XANES pre-edges of I–AgCu magnified from the dashed box region in (d) and the comparison with Cu and Cu2O references (dashed lines)74 (d, e reproduced with permission from ref. 74 Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society).
