Table 2 Estimates of SToE and TtA at the continent level.

	Observed (BEST)		RCP8.5	RCP4.5	RCP2.6
	SToE2₁₈₈₀ [TtA2₁₈₈₀]	SToE2₁₉₆₀ [TtA2₁₉₆₀]	SToE2₂₀₂₀ [TtA2₂₀₂₀]	SToE2₂₀₂₀ [TtA2₂₀₂₀]	SToE2₂₀₂₀ [TtA2₂₀₂₀]
Africa	1976 [96]	1987 [27]	2032 [12]	2041 [21]	>2100 [>80]
Asia	1970 [90]	1986 [26]	2032 [12]	2035 [15]	>2100 [>80]
Europe	1989 [109]	2013 [53]	2042 [22]	2055 [35]	>2100 [>80]
N. America	1986 [106]	2000 [40]	2039 [19]	2053 [33]	>2100 [>80]
Oceania	1981 [101]	2000 [40]	2039 [19]	2052 [32]	>2100 [>80]
S. America	1976 [96]	1987 [27]	2032 [12]	2041 [21]	>2100 [>80]

The estimates of SToE and TtA are shown for (a) the observed period using the TRF data from Hansen and for three future scenarios about the radiative forcing based on estimates of TCR and σ using the BEST dataset for temperatures; (b) high warming/no climate policy (RCP8.5); (c) intermediate climate policy similar to a strict NDC compliance (RCP4.5); and (d) consistent with the Paris Agreement goals (RCP2.6). See Supplementary Table S34 for confidence intervals, and Supplementary Tables S23, S28, and S29 for sensitivity analyses with different temperature datasets.

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