Fig. 5: Paleoceanographic records at the Agulhas Plateau (Site U1475 and MD02-2588) plotted against regional and high latitude summer insolation.

a Maximum summer insolation at the northern hemisphere (NH, 65°N, blue)54. b Upper photic zone (UPZ) flora (black). c MD02-2588 total diatoms (red)25. d \({{\rm{U}}}_{37}^{{\rm{K}}{\prime} }\) sea surface temperature (SST, black). e C37:3-2 alkenone mass accumulation rate (MAR, black). f Net primary productivity (Npp, black). g Florisphaera profunda index (black). h Maximum summer insolation at Site U1475 (40°S, orange)54. i maximum summer insolation at the southern hemisphere (SH, 65°S, green)54. The coloured arrows represent coincidence between our records and summer insolation maxima in the NH (blue) and SH (orange). Solid lines are calculated five-point running average of the raw data (white circles) to highlight long-term trends. Light blue bars are glacial intervals (marine isotope stages, MIS)77. Yellow bars are glacial terminations (T)77,79,80.