Fig. 3: Storm tide level return periods.

The panels show the (a) 25-year storm tide return period, (b) crossover return period at which tropical cyclones start to exceed extratropical cyclone storm tide levels, and Weibull’s plot showing tropical (blue) and extratropical cyclone (red) storm tide return periods, together with the sum (black), at (c) New York, (d) The Hague, (e) Quanzhou, (f) Montevideo, (g) Toamasina, and (h) Cairns.