Fig. 2: Multiple cyclonic eddies off Knox, Budd, and Sabrina Coasts.

Spatial distributions of satellite-derived dynamic ocean topography (DOT, color) and surface velocity (vector). a Climatological mean for 2011–2018 and b February 2019 (corresponding to the period of the conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) observations at Sta. 501–529). Yellow circles represent the positions of CTD stations. Orange circles indicate the positions of hydrographic profiles used for absolute velocity calculations (Fig. 3d), while orange crosses are the grids for the referenced DOT-derived surface velocity in the calculations. The pink line represents the southern boundary of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current8. From west to east, cyclonic eddies comprising the “eddy train” are the Vincennes Eddy, Poinsett Eddy, West-Sabrina Eddy, and East-Sabrina Eddy18.