Fig. 5: Observed two-dimensional potential vorticity and dissipation rates during June 2018 cruise.
The vertical section of the two-dimensional potential vorticity PV2D (10–8 m–1 s–1) computed with the geostrophic vertical shear (Eq. (4) in “Methods”) around Hirase submarine rise is shown in (a, b), and the measured turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates (log10 W kg−1) are shown in (c, d). The vertical sections in (a, c) are along the red line in Fig. 4, and those in (b, d) are along the blue line in Fig. 4. Contours in (a–d) represent isopycnals. The white contours in (c, d) are at PV = 0.
