Fig. 2: Reconstructions of temperature and OHC changes at 25°N with comparison to hydrographic surveys and reanalyses.
From: The redistribution of anthropogenic excess heat is a key driver of warming in the North Atlantic
a Time series of North Atlantic (0–89°N) ERSSTv5 ΔSST (left panel) for years 1854 to present and of global mean ΔSST EQ–001515 (right panel) for years 0 to 1854 (see Data). Recent climate periods are adapted from Yao et al.89. b–f Time series of zonally and vertically averaged temperature anomaly (ΔT in °C, right y-axis) and section-integrated ocean heat content anomaly (ΔOHC in ZJ = 1021 J, left y-axis) for our reconstruction (black) and ocean reanalyses (ORAs; EN4 (orange), IAP (cyan), ISHII (magenta) and ARANN (green), see Data). b shows the full water column (ΔOHC only) and the four depth ranges are displayed in (c) top 700 m, (d) 700–2000 m, e 2000–4000 m, (f) 4000 m–bottom. ORAs are the mean for the 20°N–30°N latitude band, and for comparison, our ΔOHC reconstructions at 25°N are extrapolated in latitude by 10 degrees to cover the band 20°N–30°N. The ORAs are referenced to our 1981–2010 baseline mean. The grey shading shows the one standard deviation of the temperature estimated from the 5005-member ensemble computed using the five different cruises and 1001 different SSTs (‘Methods’). The squares with error bars are the hydrography-based values corrected for the different cruise tracks (Supplementary Note 1).
