Fig. 1: Success of post-fire plant recovery strategies varies with shifting fire seasonality.

Conceptual design and pooled results of meta-analysis for paired comparisons a Comparison between fires occurring within the historical fire season and fires occurring outside the fire season. b Comparison between fires occurring early and late season fire in the historical fire season. Modelled mean effects and 95% confidence intervals around the mean presented, coloured points represent studies within 95% CI of pooled effect size estimate and non-coloured points have been identified as outliers and excluded from analysis. Negative Hedges’ g-values represent increased effects following fires in the historical fire seasons (in a) or late season fires (in b) relative to fires outside historical fire seasons early season fires, respectively. Positive Hedges’ g-values represent increased effects following fires outside historical fire seasons (in a) or early season fires (in b) relative to fires in the historical fire seasons late season fires, respectively. N represents the number of paired comparisons (i.e., sample size) within each topic group, numbers within parenthesis adjacent to N numbers indicate number of outliers that were identified within each analysis. Conceptual diagrams created with BioRender.com.