Fig. 2: Pb isotope data for Fe-Mn crust CM3D18 in comparison to other regional archives and input sources.
From: Humidification of Central Asia and equatorward shifts of westerly winds since the late Pliocene
Data sources: Pacific Ocean Fe-Mn crusts in the central NPO16,25,26,27,28; Pacific Ocean detrital sediments20,23,70; volcanic rocks of the Izu-Bonin arc, Mariana arc, and Luzon-Ryukyu-Honshu arc (compilations in Peate et al.30); Chinese loess (bulk, residue, and leachates; refs. 16,20,71); marine detrital downcore sediments from IODP Site U1430 in the Sea of Japan22 and ODP Site 885/886 in the North Pacific23. Stars represent estimates for the average pre-anthropogenic composition of Asian dust23,72, while typical compositions of the Chinese dust source areas are indicated for Mongolia-Gobi (orange-shaded box) and Taklimakan-CLP (pink-shaded box). Figure modified from Peate et al.30. Inset panel is an expanded view of the Pb isotope variations in Fe-Mn crust CM3D18 separated according to age (orange, before 3.5 Ma; pink, since 3.5 Ma), with the red arrow indicating the general trend through time towards the present (see also Supplementary Fig. 4g), which is interpreted to reflect shifts in the westerly winds.
