Fig. 3: The increase in Agulhas leakage (AL) between the mid-1960s and mid-1980s cannot directly be related to an increase in the transport via anticyclonic eddies, but is associated with an increase in the Indo-Atlantic exchange outside eddies.
From: Robust estimates for the decadal evolution of Agulhas leakage from the 1960s to the 2010s
a Simulated (SIMJRA in black and and SIMCORE in blue) temporal evolution of (non-)eddy contributions to the interocean exchange, expressed by the mean (averaged over all particles) relative time each particle spent within anticyclonic eddies or outside eddies during its transit between 20°E and GH. b Decadal mean AL vs anticyclonic eddy contribution (calculated based on the annual timeseries of ALLA from Fig. 2a and the anticyclonic contribution from panel a of this figure); decadal means for all possible averaging periods are displayed by semi-transparent dots, decadal means for subsequent periods D1 (1965–1984) to D4 (1995–2004) are marked by solid connected dots. c Mean transit time between 20°E and GH. d Mean simulated (SIMJRA) leakage pathways for period D1, displayed via crossing probabilities, and changes in the pathways between periods (e) D3 and D1, and (f) D5 and D3.
