Fig. 2: Field observations.
From: Failure of load-bearing dyke networks as a trigger for volcanic edifice collapse
Conceptual model (a) and field observations (b–d) of faulted dykes in weak (pyroclastic tuff) host-rock layers. We interpret that the stiffness of the dykes causes stress concentration to the point of failure, analogous to the reinforcing fibres or membranes in a composite material. Similar small faults were observed in eight of seventeen dykes (47%) crosscutting a ~150 m long exposure of a single pyroclastic layer at Hoyo Verde (La Palma, Spain).
