Table 3 Losses in net primary production (NPP, gigatons Carbon yr-1) stemming from urban extensification averaged for scenarios within Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) for 2050 and 2100.

From: Dynamic urban land extensification is projected to lead to imbalances in the global land-carbon equilibrium

 

SSP1

SSP2

SSP3

SSP4

SSP5

Min

Max

2050

Agriculture low

0.049

0.108

0.064

0.111

0.163

0.031

0.229

Agriculture medium

0.064

0.139

0.083

0.142

0.208

−0.009

0.290

Agriculture high

0.079

0.170

0.102

0.174

0.253

0.082

0.352

Forest low

0.004

0.051

−0.003

0.046

0.138

0.110

0.151

Forest medium

0.004

0.065

−0.005

0.059

0.179

0.140

0.194

Forest high

0.004

0.080

−0.007

0.071

0.220

-0.012

0.238

Grassland low

0.099

0.145

0.101

0.134

0.176

-0.015

0.214

Grassland medium

0.135

0.199

0.138

0.184

0.242

0.042

0.299

Grassland high

0.171

0.253

0.175

0.234

0.308

0.193

0.384

Total low

0.151

0.304

0.162

0.291

0.477

0.245

0.489

Total medium

0.203

0.403

0.216

0.385

0.628

0.137

0.637

Total high

0.254

0.502

0.270

0.479

0.780

0.054

0.787

2100

Agriculture low

0.076

0.329

0.170

0.251

0.488

0.045

0.625

Agriculture medium

0.099

0.431

0.222

0.325

0.621

0.025

0.795

Agriculture high

0.123

0.534

0.275

0.400

0.754

0.076

0.965

Forest low

0.048

0.165

0.038

0.200

0.578

0.102

0.650

Forest medium

0.062

0.214

0.048

0.256

0.752

0.224

0.845

Forest high

0.077

0.264

0.058

0.312

0.927

0.032

1.040

Grassland low

0.112

0.210

0.126

0.206

0.310

0.039

0.484

Grassland medium

0.155

0.291

0.176

0.285

0.435

0.061

0.682

Grassland high

0.197

0.372

0.225

0.364

0.560

0.306

0.880

Total low

0.236

0.704

0.333

0.657

1.376

0.388

1.401

Total medium

0.316

0.937

0.445

0.866

1.808

0.128

1.855

Total high

0.397

1.170

0.558

1.077

2.241

0.077

2.310

  1. Minima and maxima are also provided across all scenarios, including SSPs, Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), Global Circulation Models (GCMs), and harmonized and non-harmonized land classifications. Low, medium, and high refer to variable per-unit-area coefficients of NPP according to land classes within regions and basins. Negative values indicate increases in NPP.
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