Fig. 2: June 2023 marine heatwave characteristics from in-situ glider and Western Channel Observatory temperature observations. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 2: June 2023 marine heatwave characteristics from in-situ glider and Western Channel Observatory temperature observations.

From: Exceptional atmospheric conditions in June 2023 generated a northwest European marine heatwave which contributed to breaking land temperature records

Fig. 2

Glider observations: panel a, c, e near-surface (4 m) in-situ temperature observations, compared to closest OSTIA SST grid cells. Light grey lines show OSTIA daily SST between 1981 and 2023, heavy black line shows 1982–2010 daily mean (OSTIA) and black dashed line 10th/90th centile (OSTIA), panels b, d, f temperature profiles from gliders, white line shows SML depth. Panels g, h Monthly average temperature at 2 and 50 m depth (solid black line) for the Western Channel Observatory (WCO) time-series stations at L4 (50°15.0’N; 4°13.0’W) and E1 (50°02.6’N; 4°22.5’W) together with the 90th and 10th centile (dashed line) region shaded in grey. Data for 2023 shown in large symbols with dark red shading depicting heatwave conditions, light red a positive anomaly, light blue a negative anomaly and dark blue cold wave conditions. Small symbols outside the centile range depict record temperature on a given day of year for years other than 2023. Averaging period for E1 is 1903-2023; L4 is 1988-2023. Sampling frequency at L4 is weekly (since 1988) and bi-weekly or monthly at E1 (since 2002).

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