Table 2 Summary of the experimental results

From: Moderate and high-temperature metamorphic conditions produced diverse phosphorous species for the origin of life

T [°C]

Exp. No.

Mineralogy (XRD)

Aqueous P % (NMR, IC, IC-ICPMS)

 

Pi

P(III)

PPi

PPPi

PPPPi+

PPPc/PPPPc

Evaporation stage

85

E1

Rokuenite (FeCl2.2H2O), Halite (NaCl), Amorphous Fe3(PO4)2.xH2O

 

97.225

BDL

2.775

BDL

BDL

BDL

60

E2

Rokuenite, Halite, Amorphous Fe3(PO4)2.xH2O

 

87.094

BDL

1.710

BDL

BDL

BDL

Static atmosphere heating:

200

S1 A

S1 B

Rokuenite, Halite, Amorphous Fe3(PO4)2.xH2O

A

B

100

84.769

BDL

BDL

BDL

15.105

BDL

0.125

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

200

S2 A

S2 B

A - Rokuenite, Halite, Amorphous Fe3(PO4)2.xH2O

B - Rokuenite (minor), Halite, Amorphous Fe3(PO4)2.xH2O

A

B

100

67.496

BDL

NA

NA

32.504

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

200

S3 A-G

A - G: Rokuenite, Halite, Amorphous Fe3(PO4)2.xH2O, respective catalysts as provided

A

97.393

BDL

2.603

0.003

BDL

BDL

B

B$

99.091

97.295

BDL

BDL

0.908

2.705

0.002

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

C$

35.116

BDL

53.717

9.290

1.877

BDL

D

82.548

0.002

17.275

0.175

BDL

BDL

E

E$

80.823

45.911

0.002

BDL

18.828

44.081

0.347

8.650

BDL

1.358

BDL

BDL

F

68.986

0.003

30.025

0.986

BDL

BDL

G

88.361

0.004

11.635

BDL

BDL

BDL

350

S4

FeCl2, rokuenite, Fe-hydroxide (Fe(OH)2), FeO(PO4) (?), NaFePO4 (?), halite, other unidentified phases

 

100

NA

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

350

S5 A-E

A - E: FeCl2, rokuenite, Fe-hydroxide (Fe(OH)2), FeO(PO4) (?), NaFePO4 (?), halite, other unidentified phases

A, C-E: respective catalysts as provided; B: Ni

A

100

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

B

99.985

0.015

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

C

99.942

0.058

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

D

99.992

0.008

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

E

99.969

0.031

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

Flow-through heating:

170

F1

Halite, Amorphous FePO4.xH2O, other unidentified amorphous condensed phosphate phase(s) of Fe

 

30.128

30.630

BDL

BDL

19.181

60.636

24.359

4.952

26.332

BDL

BDL

3.780/0.299*

200

F2 A

F2 B

Halite, Amorphous FePO4.xH2O, other amorphous condensed phosphate phase(s) of Fe, olivine (only B)

A

56.259

BDL

38.446

4.611

1.140

BDL

B

44.868

BDL

48.037

5.788

1.961

BDL

350

F3

FeCl2, rokuenite, Fe-hydroxide (Fe(OH)2), FeO(PO4) (?), NaFePO4 (?), halite, other unidentified phases

 

99.735

0.075

0.19

BDL

BDL

BDL

600

F4

Fe, NaCl, NaFePO4 (?), Fe(PO4)O3 (?)

 

99.991

0.009

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

700

F5

Fe, Fe3(PO4)2

 

99.899

0.101

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

  1. Pi: phosphate, P(III): phosphite, PPi: pyrophosphate, PPPi: triphosphate, PPPPi + : tetra- and other higher order phosphates, PPPc: trimetaphosphate, PPPPc: tetrametaphosphate; *Measured after 50 days; NA: Not analyzed; BDL: below detection limit 0.001% for P(III) and 0.05% for polyphosphates; Phases with marked with “?”only tentatively identified.
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