Fig. 10: Sarpang terraces age, cumulative displacement along the Topographic Frontal Thrust, and associated slip rate distribution.

a T2 and T6 ages distribution based on the Gaussian uncertainty model using data from refs. 12,20. b Displacement distribution derived from the conventional rigid block model, and a boxcar uncertainty model. Red, green, and blue lines correspond to the distribution obtained from profiles P1, P2–P5, and P6–P7, respectively. c Same as b using the proposed model based on an elastic dislocation full-space approach. d Slip rate distribution estimated from age and displacement modeled by a rigid block approach. The gray histogram shows the present-day far-field convergence rate distribution inferred from geodetic measurements in central Bhutan30. e Same as d using our upgraded approach.