Fig. 7: Geopotential height, wind vector, water vapor, and total cloud fraction over the historical period. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 7: Geopotential height, wind vector, water vapor, and total cloud fraction over the historical period.

From: Land-use induced changes in extreme temperature predominantly influenced by downward longwave radiation

Fig. 7

a The spatial distribution of 500 hPa geopotential height (units: gpm) and 500 hPa wind vector (units: m/s) obtained from the “Hist-noLu” experiment averaged in DJF. b The spatial distribution of changes in the 500 hPa geopotential height and 500 hPa wind vector caused by LULCC averaged in DJF. c The spatial distribution of changes in the 500 hPa geopotential height and 500 hPa wind vector caused by LULCC when the surface temperature change is Bot5%. d The same as (c), but for 850 hPa. e The spatial distribution of 850 hPa wind vector (units: m/s) obtained from the “Hist-noLu” experiment averaged in DJF. Color filling represents changes in the water vapor path (atmosphere mass content of water vapor, units: mm). f The spatial distribution of changes in the 850 hPa wind vector and water vapor path caused by LULCC averaged in DJF. g The spatial distribution of changes in the 850 hPa wind vector and water vapor path caused by LULCC when the surface temperature change is Bot5%. h The spatial distribution of changes in the total cloud fraction caused by LULCC when the surface temperature change is Bot5%. The dot denotes that the sign of the change in the CMIP6-LUMIP multi-model ensemble mean is consistent with the sign of change in at least 5 out of the 7 individual models.

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