Fig. 3: Demonstration of the stochastic prediction of radar reflectivity at selected time.
From: Residual corrective diffusion modeling for km-scale atmospheric downscaling

a–d show Typhoon Haikui (2023) on 2023-09-03 00:00:00. e–h show 2021-02-17 21:00:00. i–l show 2021-03-04 01:00:00. m–p show a frontal event on 2022-02-13 20:00:00 UTC. Left to right in all rows: sample mean, sample standard deviation, sample number 32 and the target forecast, all in units of (dbz).