Fig. 5: Examining the downscaling of Typhoon Haikui (2023) on 2023-09-03 00:00:00 UTC. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 5: Examining the downscaling of Typhoon Haikui (2023) on 2023-09-03 00:00:00 UTC.

From: Residual corrective diffusion modeling for km-scale atmospheric downscaling

Fig. 5

a–d show the 10-m windspeed maps from ERA5, UNet, CorrDiff and target (WRF), respectively. The CorrDiff panels show the first of 32 ensemble members. The solid black contour indicates the Taiwan coastline. Storm center of the ERA5, CorrDiff and target (WRF) are shown in red ‘+’, orange diamond, and the black dot, respectively. e shows the logarithm of the PDF of windspeed. f shows the axisymmteric structure of the typhoon about its center, where for the CorrDiff curves, solid line shows the ensemble mean and the shading shows ± one standard deviation along the ensemble dimension.

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