Correction to: Communications Earth & Environment https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-02208-1, published online 25 March 2025

The original version of this Article omitted the following from the Acknowledgements: For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a ‘Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.