Table 1 Demographic, health and AD-related information

From: Long-term prognosis and educational determinants of brain network decline in older adult individuals

Variables

Below college (n = 92)

College+ (n = 173)

Total (n = 265)

P value

Demographic

Age, mean, years (s.d.)

68.07 (8.41)

66.45 (9.66)

67.01 (9.26)

0.176

Sex, n female (%)

65 (70.7%)

89 (51.4%)

154 (58.1%)

0.004

Race, n white (%)

82 (89.1%)

157 (90.8%)

239 (90.2%)

0.837

Education, mean, years (s.d.)

12.77 (1.39)

17.43 (1.43)

15.82 (2.63)

<0.001

Cardiovascular health, neurological health and mental health

BMIa, mean, kg/m2 (s.d.)

27.47 (4.55)

26.51 (4.48)

26.85 (4.52)

0.102

Recent or remote hypertensiona, n (%)

36 (39.1%)

73 (42.2%)

109 (41.1%)

0.725

Recent or remote hypercholesterolemiaa, n (%)

44 (47.8%)

65 (37.8%)

109 (41.3%)

0.148

Recent or remote cardiovascular incidentsa, n (%)

12 (13.0%)

17 (9.9%)

29 (11.0%)

0.576

Recent or remote traumatic brain injurya, n (%)

6 (6.7%)

13 (7.8%)

19 (7.5%)

0.948

GDSa, mean score (s.d.)

1.36 (1.56)

0.91 (1.28)

1.06 (1.40)

0.012

Baseline clinical status, AD-related genetic risk and pathology

CDR-SBa, mean score (s.d.)

0.19 (0.53)

0.19 (0.64)

0.19 (0.60)

0.976

CDRa > 0, n (%)

11 (12.0%)

14 (8.1%)

25 (9.4%)

0.422

APOE ε4+, n (%)

32 (35.2%)

62 (36.7%)

94 (36.2%)

0.914

CSF pTaua, mean, pg/ml (s.d.)

55.95 (34.23)

60.12 (31.94)

58.68 (32.74)

0.352

CSF pTau+a, >67 pg/ml, n (%)

15 (18.3%)

46 (29.7%)

62 (26.1%)

0.080

PiB amyloida, mean cortical SUVR (s.d.)

1.30 (0.58)

1.32 (0.64)

1.31 (0.62)

0.772

PiB amyloid+a, >1.42 SUVR, n (%)

17 (23.3%)

30 (22.4%)

47 (22.7%)

1.00

Other

In-scanner motionb, mean FD (s.d.)

0.21 (0.07)

0.21 (0.08)

0.21 (0.07)

0.478

  1. The mean (s.d.) or counts (%) of numerical or categorical variables are shown for each education group and the entire sample. Statistical differences between the two education groups were calculated for continuous and categorical variables using t-tests and χ2 tests, respectively. Missing data for ‘below college’ (BMI, n = 1; traumatic brain injury, n = 3; GDS, n = 1; CSF pTau, n = 10; PiB amyloid, n = 19; APOE, n = 1). Missing data for ‘college+’ (BMI, n = 1; hypercholesterolemia, n = 1; cardiovascular incidents, n = 2; traumatic brain injury, n = 7; APOE, n = 4; CSF pTau, n = 18; PiB amyloid, n = 39).
  2. Abbreviations, SUVR, standard uptake value ratio; FD, frame displacement.
  3. aVariables that were measured at different times than the functional MRI (fMRI) scans. The closest point of data collection of each measure to that of the baseline fMRI scan was used (see text for details).
  4. bIn-scanner motion from all available scanning sessions, compared across the two education groups.