Extended Data Fig. 3: Nonlinear association between sleep duration and cortical area and thickness.

Cortical regions with their a) area and b) thickness significantly and nonlinearly associated with sleep duration adjusted for sleep duration with intracranial volume, age, sex, sex, body mass index, Townsend deprivation index, educational qualification, smoking status and drinking status, imaging scanning sites (Bonferroni corrected, p < 0.05). F-tests were utilized to access statistical significance and derive F-statistics and corresponding one-sided p values adjusted for multiple comparisons.