Extended Data Fig. 3: Association of different measures of Uniqueness, Shannon diversity and beta diversity with age in different study cohorts at the functional pathway-level using the MetaCyc scheme.
From: Toward an improved definition of a healthy microbiome for healthy aging
The names of the study cohorts (with the number of investigated gut microbiomes indicated in parentheses) are indicated. The top three rows indicate the maximum participant age, the minimum participant age and the geographical region of the study cohorts (indicated in different colors as provided in the legends). The heatmap immediately below these panels shows the results of PERMANOVA for associating overall pathway-level beta-diversity with age computed using the four different microbiome distance matrices (utilized in the current study). The bottom heatmap shows the results of the robust linear regression models for associating various pathway-level microbiome summary statistics with age across the different individual studies. The statistical significance of the associations were computed using two-sided robust F-tests, corrected on a per-study cohort basis using Benjamini–Hochberg corrections to obtain Q-values. Also indicated on the right of this heatmap are the results of the association meta-analyses of these microbiome summary statistics with age for studies grouped based on their geographical regions. For a given geographical region, the summarized associations are computed using Random Effect Models on the specific individual study-specific effect sizes (computed based on robust linear regression models (See Methods). Here, the p-values were computed using two-sided permutation tests corrected per-geography-specific-cohort groups using Benjamini–Hochberg corrections to obtain Q-values.
