Fig. 2: Multivariate aging GWAS modeled with genomic SEM.
a, Genetic correlations for SEM with genomic SEM, displaying pairwise LD score genetic correlation estimates for the five univariate phenotypes. b, Path diagram of the common factor model estimated with genomic SEM, with standardized factor loadings (standard error in parentheses). c, Manhattan plot showing SNP associations (−log10(P value)) with mvAge, ordered by chromosome. The red dashed line indicates the threshold for conventional genome-wide significance (P value = 5 × 10−8). P values are derived from two-sided Wald tests for each SNP on mvAge. * indicates that summary statistics for frailty and PhenoAge (the epigenetic clock variable) were reversed to align with the other longevity-related endpoints. µ reflects the residual variance in the genetic indicators for the input univariate age-related GWASs not explained by the mvAge common factor.
