Extended Data Fig. 2: Cis-instrument Mendelian randomization assessing the impact of protein coding genes on mvAge through their associations with HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, and SBP.

Presented is a volcano plot of the Z scores (versus the negative log10(P-value)) of the MR estimates (beta/se) for the inverse variance weighted (IVW) MR method aligned to proxy the pharmacological effect of increased HDL-C (N = 403,943), lowered LDL-C (N = 440,546), lowered TG (N = 441,016), or lowered SBP (N = 436,419) on mvAge (N = 1,958,774). The dotted line indicates the Bonferroni corrected P-value threshold (1.92 × 10−3). Labeled genes are those with beneficial estimates on mvAge that surpass Bonferroni corrected P-value threshold and align with increased HDL-C, lowered LDL-C, lowered TG, or lowered SBP. HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; SBP, systolic blood pressure; MR, Mendelian randomization.