Fig. 6: Reversal of aged-dependent molecular changes.
From: Regeneration leads to global tissue rejuvenation in aging sexual planarians
a, log2-transformed fold changes of PAGs during aging (y axis, older versus young) and after regeneration (x axis, older versus regenerated) in different tissues based on scRNA-seq data. Top-right quadrant represents genes upregulated in older conditions, compared to either young or regenerated conditions. b, Percentage of rejuvenated genes in each tissue. Dark-gray bars represent reversed PAGs that were upregulated in older age; light-gray bars represent PAGs that were downregulated in older age. c, Expression level changes of COX1/COX2 in neural and muscle tissues based on scRNA-seq data. The sample size for each experimental group is indicated in Fig. 4a. Two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test P value adjusted using Bonferroni correction. d, Enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms among rejuvenated genes in various tissues. Two-sided chi-squared test (when all expected frequencies are greater than 5) or Fisher’s exact test P value adjusted with Benjamini–Hochberg correction. e, PCA of gene expression signatures of planarian aging (blue), mammalian aging (red) and lifespan-extending interventions in mice (green). Variance explained by first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) is indicated in parentheses. CR, caloric restriction; GH, growth hormone. f, Statistically significant pathways associated with planarian aging (blue), mammalian aging (red) and lifespan-extending interventions in mice (green). GSEA permutation test P value adjusted for multiple comparisons with Benjamini–Hochberg correction. Only functions significantly enriched by at least two signatures are visualized (adjusted P value < 0.1). Cells are colored based on normalized enrichment scores (NES). ^P adjusted < 0.1; *P adjusted < 0.05; **P adjusted < 0.01; ***P adjusted < 0.001. BP, biological process.
