Fig. 2: Association between the cumulative adherence to dietary patterns and the yearly rate of chronic disease accumulation during a 15-year follow-up, stratified by sex (male, n = 931; female, n = 1,512).
From: Dietary patterns and accelerated multimorbidity in older adults
MIND: baseline range: 2–12; 1 s.d. = 1.74. AHEI: baseline range: 29.9–91.7; 1 s.d. = 9.82. AMED: baseline range: 0–9; 1 s.d. = 1.76. EDII: baseline range: −1.36 to 2.70; 1 s.d. = 0.30. Model: linear mixed model with random intercept and slope, adjusted by age (years), living arrangements (alone or not), previous occupation (manual or non-manual worker), education (elementary, high school or university), tobacco smoking (never, former smoker, current smoker or unknown), physical activity (inadequate, health-enhancing, fitness-enhancing or unknown) and energy intake (kcal d−1). Models on disease accumulation within a given organ system were adjusted for diseases not belonging to said organ system. Estimates were obtained from models with multiplicative interaction terms among the dietary patterns, time from inception and sex. Two-sided P values for interaction were obtained from Wald tests. ‘?’ indicates not significant when adjusting for multiple comparisons (FDR of 5%). Data are presented as β coefficients for excess annual change in disease accumulation per 1-s.d. increment in cumulative adherence to every dietary pattern ± 95% CIs. int, interaction.
