Fig. 1: Schematic view of the microcosm used for the cultivation and microscopic quantification of pH by whole-cell bioreporters.

a Agar pad inoculated with a monolayer of pH-sensitive bioreporters. The pad was put upside down to place the bioreporter monolayer between the agar pad and the bottom of the Petri dish (b). b Petri dish in which the fungal inoculum and the bioreporter agar pad were placed at a distance of ≈1 mm. The microscopy observation area (0.4 × 0.8 mm) for pH mapping during fungal colonisation was at 2.5 mm distance from the fungal inoculum. c Fluorescence micrograph of the observation area and corresponding pH heatmaps generated by spatial data interpolation with R programming.